Monetary Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Monetary Policy - Essay ExampleSpecifically, a core committee within the central bank is tasked to design and undertake financial policies found on their assessment of economic conditions and objectives to be achieved.This paper compares the trading operations and mandates of the three most influential pecuniary policy-making bodies, namely the US-Federal Open market Committee, beach of England-Monetary Policy Committee and European Central Bank-Governing Council.The FOMC is considered as the foremost policy-making body of the US Federal Reserve. It primary function is to formulate monetary policies which serve to promote economic growth, full employment level, stable price level and sustainable pattern of international trade (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis). This prey is achieved by making key decisions pertaining to the conduct of open market operations, i.e. the selling and purchasing of US Government and Federal Agency securities. Open market operations master(prenomi nal)ly affect the provision of reserves to banks and other depository institutions. In this regard, open market operations impact the cost and availability of money and confidence in the economy of the US (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis).As a background, the FOMC is composed of seven members of the Board of Governors and five Reserve Bank Presidents, who must attain at least four times a year in Washington D.C. as mandated by law. It is during these committee meetings that FOMC decides on the policies to be carried out by dint of voting. In view of the monetary decisions it has to make, the FOMC takes into account vital economic factors such as trends in prices, wages, employment, production, consumption, investments, foreign exchange markets, hobby rates, and fiscal policies among others. It should be far-famed that the monetary policies are implemented with primary focus on supplying level of reserves which is congruent with the economic objectives of the US, both in the short-run and long (Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis). This means that the swan of open market operations is FOMCs major tool to directly influence the money supply in the economy. The work in money supply will then affect the other economic factors based on the economic objectives of the nation. Bank of England-Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)The MPCs main function is to regulate prevailing interest rates at an appropriate level in order to attain the inflation target over a period of two years. This committee primarily considers the economic performance of the country and determines whether this is accompanied by the risk of acceleration in overall price levels (Bank of England).The MPC, which is chaired by the Governor of the Bank of England, consists of five members from the Bank of England and four external members appointed by the chancellor (Bank of England). The setting of interest rates is decided based on the conditions of domestic monetary market, foreign exchange m arket, production market and labor market (Bank of England).To curb inflation, the MPCs primary tool is the setting of interest rates. Should the MPC determine that aggregate demand is expanding and exerting upward pressure on prices, the committee will decide to raise the interest rates in order to control the growth of investment

Mobile application Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mobile application - Assignment ExampleThe website will crack the latest technologies and games designed for popular mobile brands like Nokia, Vodafone, Motorolla, etc. A particular amount of money will be charged for these applications from the clients and memberships will in like manner be offered to these people which will allow the users to download as many applications as they like for a particular amount of money.B I gestate this is a big opportunity for me because this business has a lot of scope and much room for progress. Everyone today owns a mobile phone and is interested in installing software that can help people connect easily with the world. Since mobile phones are now a necessity for children and adults, it is also becoming more and more important for people to make their mobiles as convenient as they can. My website will provide exactly the kind of applications which are needed by these users. Since I am personally interested in Mobile phones and different applic ations and games, I think I will be able to maintain a good caliber of the business and attract more customers. It will also help me learn more about the industry.C This business is not just an opportunity for me moreover anyone else because of the nature of business. Online businesses are becoming increasingly popular with 78 per cent of the Americans doing their shopping online (Sterling, 2008). E-Bay, Home Store, and Amazon are some of the most popular businesses online. A full integrated mobile application online service has a lot of potential and can become one of the most popular businesses online. The main stone pit of the business is the youth, which spends most of their time on social networking websites such as Facebook and Myspace. Mobile applications such as, Facebook for Android 1.3 attracts that youth as well as adults. If comely marketing is done and good quality is maintained, I think this business can become very successful in a very footling time.D I believe t hat the business is financially viable because the

Why Most People Oppress Others because of Their Different Ethnicity, Essay

Why Most People Oppress Others because of Their Different Ethnicity, Race or Gender - Essay instanceA theorist and feminist writer Gloria Anzalduas works were of vital significance for the last two decades. Her work should be noted that it is now anthologized consistently in different compositions that reach different audiences on an annual basis. Her theory of Mestiza and b methodicalnessland identifies the fuller theory of a culture which is different and broadly deployed in most disciplines and lecture halls. In most lecture halls across the state, most students read the chapters and excerpts from her Borderland text. Anzalduas work serves in a primarily essayist fashion. She explicitly shows that an individuals act of writing assists the person in identifying and expressing his or her identity complexities. Anzaldua described her strong belief in the need for individuals to lick coalitions in their different groups. My choice of Gloria Anzalduas literary works in her anthology of essays and poetry Making Face, Making Soul Haciendo Caras include Borderlands/La Frontera, La conciencia de la Mestiza, The Homeland, Aztlan/El Otro Mexico, How to Tame a Wild Tongue and This Bridge Called My Back Writings by Radical Women of Color. They are all arranged in order of significance. The first three literary works are some of Anzalduas best works and stand out from the other two. Anzaldua understood that individuals have divers(a) ideas and identity and that inter-sectionalism often creates conflicts between different mickle (Garci?a, 2006). Thesis Statement Anzaldua understood and recognized the different ways that people use to oppress others, and the constituents that were imbrication their identity. Literary Works Borderlands/La Frontera One of Anzalduas outstanding works was Borderlands/La Frontera, which was published in the year 1987. Borderlands traces back to the personal and historical locomote of people who are on the border between the United States and Mexico. Additionally, it talks about the political, spiritual and the European socioeconomic impact that they have on seduction the indigenous and marginalized people on the borderland. All the contributors in Anzalduas works got affected by Anzalduas willingness to face her personal risks. Through Anzalduas acts and words, people learn to take risks on their own. These are the risks that form blurred boundaries and the identities challenge peoples ways of thinking (Anzaldua, 1987). By use of her words, she invites critics to engage with her theories and how they impacted on her life and work. In bridging, the contributors explore and discuss on Anzalduas spiritual and intellectual contributions of how new bridges are created through the community and divers(a) disciplines. The contributors and Anzaldua represented numerous generations of diverse ages of the twenties to seventies. This connection among many people could be seen in Anzaldua herself. Anzalduas words have touche d most of the contributors separately.

Stock Market Vs. Gambling Essay Example for Free

Stock Market Vs. Gambling EssayThe difference between gambling and buying stocks of companies is that you ar betting on the future of the company and you have records you can research. If something terrible happens to the country, like a natural disaster, stocks will go down. If the country does well, the stock foodstuff will most likely go up. The key to doing well in the stock market is to research the companies you are trying to buy stock in. If you honourable pick a couple random companies to invest your well-earned specie in, it would be more like gambling. It is possible to lose a large sum of notes buying stocks if a company that was once flourishing has something bad happen.For example, those who owned stock in BP were probably doing all right until they had a vessel falling off hundreds of thousands of oil into the gulf. Gambling in a casino, on the other hand is completely different. The house always a edge, and even though the edge is slim it still makes it so that the house will always win in the long run. If you are gambling in Vegas you better be using money you are willing to lose. In conclusion, if you do your homework and research and choose your stock right, more likely than not you will be making money. iodin thing is for sure I would feel safer tying my money up in the stock market than at the blackjack table.

Planning and Organizing Meetings Essay Example for Free

Planning and Organizing Meetings EssayPlanning ahead of time is one virtue of Christian leaders. There are a lot of pointers that you need to remind yourself when planning and organizing group meetings for your organization. There are details that you need to check because planning a meeting is not just calling people to come together and talking with each other without anything in mind to accomplish.First Things FirstPrayer is an all- main(prenominal)(prenominal) discipline for Christian leaders especially in terms of planning and organizing. This is the first and foremost thing that you should do. You should ask the wisdom of God and ask Him to permit you know the tasks that are at hand in the organization. This is the time when you allow the Holy Spirit to guide you and to let you possess strength that you need.Secondly, crash your objectives. As said earlier, calling a meeting is not just getting people in to meet and talk at certain place and time. You should set your o bjectives even before you call people to come. What do you want to achieve after the meeting is done? Be sure that your objectives are specific, measurable, attainable, reasonable and time-bound. disrupt of your objectives is planning for the ag destinationa. Setting the agenda means that you need to send the most important things to go first and the least important to take the lower priority.Thirdly, identify the people that you want to be in the meeting. Will there be people from other organization? Do you need a committee to cooperate you out in contacting people? As a Christian organizing a meeting, it is necessary that you consult people according to their availability so wont be missing out someone on the date that you will set. Also, identify the place where you will be holding the meeting. Is it conducive to the activities that are twisting in the meeting? Do you need food as you talk together?The Important ThingsWhen planning, you should make sure that you get the impor tant things under a checklist. Sometimes there are details that we think is important but are actually necessary. On the other hand, we may left out important things that are basically needed. Make a roster of the participants of the meeting. List the names of people and check or cross the name out when they already confirm or not. List also the equipment that you need and check if they are available on the day and time of your meeting. What about the logistics and financial implications of the meeting? Make a budget and be sure that it is attainable and you will have it released in time for your use.After the MeetingPlanning and organizing meeting do not end after the meeting is already done. Your responsibility as the organizer does not end when the meeting ends. During the meeting, you should have talked about a lot of important things that necessitate action or implementation thereafter. As such, do not lose your checklist. After the meeting you will need another again. Evaluat e if your objectives were met, if not, what you can do after to meet them. After the meeting, be in gratitude to all those who attended. Your meeting is only the take off of another planning and organizing so you should plan strong your starting point.

The Bhagavad Gita Essay Example for Free

The Bhagavad Gita Essayis perhaps the most famous, and definitely the most widely- memorialise, good text of ancient India. As an episode in Indias great epic, the Mahabharata, The Bhagavad Gita now ranks as superstar of the three psyche texts that define and capture the essence of Hinduism the unwrap dickens being the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras. Though this bring in contains much theology, its kernel is ethical and its teaching is set in the context of an ethical problem. The teaching of The Bhagavad Gita is summed up in the maxim your business is with the deed and not with the result. When Arjuna, the third son of king Pandu (dynasty name Pandavas) is about to begin a war that became inevitable at once his one atomic number 6 cousins belonging to the Kaurava dynasty refused to return take down a few villages to the five Pandava pals after their return from enforced exile, he looks at his cousins, uncles and fri abates standing on the other side of the touch onmentfield and wonders whether he is morally prepared and justified in devouring his blood relations even though it was he, along with his brother Bhima, who had courageously prepared for this war.Arjuna is certain that he would be victorious in this war since he has Lord Krishna (one of the hug drug incarnations of Vishnu) on his side. He is able to depict the scene at the end of the battle the dead bodies of his cousins lying on the battlefield, motionless and incapable of vengeance. It is then that he looses his nerve to fight. The necessity for the arose because the one hundred cousins of the Panadavas refused to return the kingdom to the Pandavas as they had originally promised. The eldest of the Pandav brothers, Yudhisthir, had lost his absolute kingdom fourteen years ago to the crafty Kaurava brothers in a feisty of dice, and was ordered by his cousins to go on a fourteen-year exile. The conflict between the Pandavas and the Kauravas brewed gradually when the Kauravas r efused to return the kingdom to the Panadavas and honor the agreement after the fourteen-year exile, and escalated to a bountiful(p) scale war when the Kauravas refused to even grant Yudhisthirs reduced demand for a few villages instead of the entire kingdom. As the battle is about to begin, Arjuna, himself an acclaimed warrior, wonders how he could kill his own blood relatives with whom he had grown up as a child. He puts the battle on hold and begins a conversation with Krishna, one of the ten nevertheless most important incarnations of the Universal Hindu God, Vishnu.The Bhagavad Gita begins here and ends with Krishna convincing Arjuna that in the grand scheme of things, he is unaccompanied apawn. The best he could do is do his duty and not question Gods will. It was his duty to fight. In convincing Arjuna, the Lord Krishna provides a philosophy of life and restores Arjunas nerve to begin the battle a battle that had been stalled because the protagonist had lost his nerve an d needed beat to reexamine his moral values. Even though The Bhagavad Gita (hereafter referred to as the Gita) is one of the three principal texts that define the essence of Hinduism, and since all over the world Hindus chant from the Gita during most of their religious ceremonies, strictly speaking the Gita is not one of the Hindu scriptures. In kindling of its inseparable links to one of the two great Hindu epics (Mahabharata and Ramayana) which most Indians hold very dear to their hearts, and because Krishna, the most venerated and popular of the incarnations of Lord Vishnu, figures so conspicuously in it, the Gita over the years has not only become very popular but has ascended to spiritual heights that are afforded only to the Vedas (and the subsequent reinterpretive philosophies that followed them) and the Upanishads in the ancient Indian literature. The thought and symbol of God were extremely complicated issues (see below) in the ancient Hindu religious literature prior t o the writing of the Gita. The whimsey of God and the paths to salvation are integral parts of all religions.The manner in which Hinduism originally dealt with these two fundamental issues was very complex and appeared to be similarly speculative at times. This was one of the reasons for which Buddhism branched out as a separate religion. When Buddhism was beginning to grow in popularity, Hinduism met with its first-class honours degree challenge To provide a clear-cut, easy-to-worship symbol of God to its followers. For a variety of reasons, Lord Krishna was the obvious choice. Many have even suggested that it was one of the most pivotal choices ever made by ancient scholars to humanize the concept of God in the Hindu religion. Molded in the original image of Lord Vishnu, Krishna is an affable Avatar (reincarnation of God) which for the first time provided concrete guidelines for living to all mortals. The average Hindu might not know much about Brahma, but every one knows who L ord Krishna is.Mahatma Gandhi read the Gita often when he was in seclusion and in prison. But, the universal popularity of the Gita has not detracted Indian scholars from deviating from the fundamental truth about Hinduism. The Gita is not the Hindu scripture even though the literal translation of Bhagavad Gita is The Song of God.The Nobel laureate Indian poet, Rabindra Nath Tagore, rarely quoted from the Gita in his philosophical writings instead, he chose to refer to the Upanishads, to quote from it, and to use its teachings in his own works. Of course, the teachings of the Upanishads are included in the Gita they are visible in multiple chapters of the Gita. The kinetic concepts of karma and yoga, which appeared for the first time in the Upanishads (explained below), appear repeatedly in the Gita, often in disguised forms. As with almost every religious Indian text, it is difficult to pinpoint when exactly the Gita was scripted. Without a doubt, it was written over a period of ce nturies by many writers. From the contents of the Gita, it is abundantly clear that both the principal teachings of the Upanishads and of early Buddhism were familiar to the writers of the Gita. So, it has been approximated that the Gita was written during the period 500-200 BCE. Even though India is one of the few nations which has a continuous documented history, very few Indian religious texts exists for which the exact date of publication is established without controversy. Despite its universal appeal, the Gita is replete with contradictions both at the fundamental level and at the highest level of philosophical discourse. To the discerning eye, it would seem that what has been said in the previous chapter, is contradicted in the very neighboring chapter. This is the fundamental complaint against the Gita, and this fact would appear to be ironic given the fact that the Gita was originally written to reconcile the differences between two of the six major(ip) ancient Indian phil osophies (Darshans) that evolved over the early years of Hinduism and became integral parts of ancient Indian religious literature. The irony disappears however when one understands what the Gita purported to achieve at the level of philosophical and religious discourse.This fact is crucial not only for the understanding of the principal themes of the Gita but also to locate the essence of the Gita in the general picture of ancient Indian doctrines. The Gita attempted, for the first time, to reconcile the teachings of two very abstract Indian religious doctrines into one whole. The lying-in was a formidable one. The Gita assay to include the fundamentals of two ancient Indian philosophies into one document and reconcile the principal differences between them. At the outset, one must note that the two doctrines (Darshans) were often extremely difficult to understand. Hence the inevitable contradictions or duality of interpretation. The Six Darshansof ancient India were actually of differing origin and purpose, but all were brought into the scheme by being recognized as viable ways of salvation. They were divided into three groups of two complementary schools of thought (Darshans) or doctrines Nyaya and Vaisesika Sankhyya and Yoga and Mimamsha and Vedanta.The Bhagavad Gita attempted to reconcile the Sankhyya philosophy with those of the Vedanta doctrine. nonpareil must note in passing that the Sankhyya school of thought led to Buddhism while the Vedanta philosophy is at the root of neo Hinduism. In this article, we are only going to discuss briefly the two Darshans the Sankhyya and the Vedanta the Gita attempted to reconcile. The Sankhyya is the oldest of the six Darshans while the Vedanta is the most important of the six transcriptions. The various subsystems of the Vedanta doctrine has led to the emergence of modern intellectual Hinduism. The primary text of the Vedanta system is the Brahma Sutras, and its doctrines were derived in great part from the Upanishads, which marked the beginning of Hinduism as is understood and practiced today. Even though the Vedas are Indias ancient sacred texts, modern Hinduism begins with the Vedanta (end of Vedas) and attains its zenith with the Brahma Sutras. The Sankhyya philosophy traces the origins of everything to the interplay of Prakriti (nature) and Purusha (the Self, to be differentiated from the concept of the soul in the latter Indian philosophies). These two separate entities have always existed and their interplay is at the root of all naturalism. The concept of God is conspicuous by its absence. on that point is no direct mention of God but only a passing reference as to how one should liberate himself to attain the realization of Is war (a heavenly entity).A very signifi messt ingest of Sankhyya is the doctrine of the three constituent qualities (gunas), causing virtue (sattva), passion (rajas), and dullness (tamas). On the other hand, the Vedanta school of thought deals with the concept of Brahman the ultimate reality that is beyond all logic and encompasses not only the concepts of being and non-being but also all the phases in between. It is one of the most difficult concepts in the entire Indian philosophy. At the highest level of truth, the entire universe of phenomena, including the gods themselves, was unreal the world was Maya, illusion, a dream, a mirage, a fragment of the imagination. The only reality is Brahman. One can see quite clearly the sources for the Gitas contradictions. It was dealing with not only two widely-differing Darshansbut also with two of the most abstract philosophical systems. We know that the Gita was written long after the emergence of modern Hinduism. So it was able to draw on a wide variety of philosophical themes both ancient and comparatively modern by comparison, and often opposing still present in modern Hinduism. Yet, to consolidate the two schools of thoughts proved to be an extremely difficult task a fact which the lyricism of the Gita, in the words of Lord Krishna himself, could not camaflouge. Any serious reader would arrive at the conclusion that even though the Gita mentions the Sankhyya, it more or less elaborates on ideas that originated with the Upanishads.The fundamental tenets of Hinduism took shape during the period 800-500 BCE. They were set down in a series of treaties called the Upanishads. The Upanishads arise at the end of the Vedas, which earns it the name Veda-anta, which literally means end (anta) of the Vedas. Almost all philosophy and religion in India rests upon the wealth of speculation contained in these works. The Upanishads center on the privileged realms of the spirit. Encompassing the meaning of spiritual unity, the Upanishads point directly to the Divine Unity which pervades all of nature and is identical to the self. There are four kinetic ideas ideas that involve action or motion that represent the core of Indian spirituality. The ultimate objective is cont rol of the passions and to realize a solid ground of void a concept very similar to that of Buddhism. The four kinetic ideas are karma, maya, nirvana, and yoga and they appear in the Gita. But one must remember that they appeared for the first time in the Upanishads. A brief summary of the four ideas are provided below.Karma The law of universal causality, which connects man with the cosmos and condemns him to transmigrate to move from one body to another after expiry indefinitely. In the Gita, Krishna makes an allusion to the eternal soul that moves from body to body as it ascends or descends the ladder of a given hierarchy, conditioned on the nature of ones own karma work of life or life deeds. Maya refers to cosmic illusion the mysterious process that gives rise to phenomena and maintains the cosmos. According to this idea, the world is not simply what is seems to the human senses a gull with which the 20th century western scientists wholly agree. Absolute reality, situat ed somewhere beyond the cosmic illusion woven by maya and beyond human give as conditioned by karma. Both Tagore, the renowned Indian poet and Albert Einstein, the famous scientist, agreed on this conclusion. Absolute reality, in their minds, was beyond human perception.Nirvana The state of absolute blessedness, characterized by release from the cycle of reincarnations freedom from the pain and care of the external world bliss. Union with God or Atman. Hindus call such abstruse union with ultimate reality as Samandhi or Moksha.Yoga implies integration bringing all the faculties of the psyche under the control of the self. Essentially, the object of various types of yoga is mind control, and the system lays down the effectual techniques of gaining liberation and achieving divine union. The word yoga is loosely applied to any program or technique which leads toward the union with God or Atman. There are five principal kinds of yoga Hatha(physical), jnana (the way of knowledge), bhakt i (the way of love), karma (the way of work), and rajah (mystical experience).The Western worlds interest in The Bhagavad Gita began around the end of the eighteenth century when the first English translation of the Gita was published. All religious texts of ancient India were written in Sanskrit. In November 1784, the first direct translation of a Sanskrit work into English was sinless by Charles Wilkins. The book that was translated was The Bhagavad Gita. Friedreich Max Mueller (1823-1900), the German Sanskritist who spent most of his working life as Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University, served as the drumhead editor of the Sacred Books of the East. (Oxford University Press). The Gita was included in this famous collection. Since then, the Gita has become one of the most widely-read texts of the world. True, there are unexplained contradictions and paradoxes in this brief book, but its large implications based on the two ancient Darshans of India and its alle gorical meanings are still being examined and reinterpreted.

Success of most international organizations

Success of most international organizationsINTRODUCTIONInternational project police squads has been argued to be a key agent in the success of most international organizations(Heimer, 1994). Many factors have been attributed to this and they include Rich heathenish diversity leading to different ideas been generated by the respective police squad members thus bringing together know directge and skills from the different countries that represent up the police squad. In this paper, we will attempt to define an international project team up, the advantages and limitations of such a team, conflicts that may arise, and fin completelyy we will propose the main lessons derived from working in an international team using a case study.Definition Makilouko(2003) appriseed that for a team to be called an international project team, it must fulfil either of three main conditions which are its members must have different backgrounds working in the similar country, or its members may wor k in different countries but meet on a face-to-face basis, or its members may be based in many countries but coordinate their meetings through electronic media. Heimer(1998) proposed that the difference between an international project team and other teams is as a result of the cultural differences present in such a team. These cultural differences result in differences in the process of communication, leadership and the way the team members work together(Snow et al, 1996)radical 4 is an ideal multicultural team made up of four team members from four different countries i.e. Nigeria, Malaysia, China, and Thailand, who are managing presentation projects in the same country.CHOICE OF leadersThe role of a leader in an international project team involves managing not only the hard aspects of the project i.e. technical details, but also the fountainhead-heeled aspects of the project i.e. the human resources aspects. The management of these two objectives interchanges throughout the proj ect lifecycle(Snell et al,1993). In an international project team, no one soulfulness may possess all the necessary attributes needed to lead the team, hence the concept of collective leadership has been proposed by Freidrich et al(2009). Collective leadership process means that each member of the team showcases their skills and expertise at different aspects of the project lifecycle. This concept was corroborated by Hanschild and Kirchmann(2001) who alluded to the benefits of collective leadership.The Group 4 team adopted the principle of collective leadership in the management of the assigned projects. One member of the team volunteered to be the administrator in charge of organizing team meetings while the other members led the team in project areas they where good at. A member of the team led in information technology aspects, another member led in presentation gliding design, while a third member was in charge of proof-reading the final slides for errors. This process of coll ective leadership coverd the collective alliance of all project team members in leading the team and reduced the friction involved in choosing a particular person as a group leader.TEAM sourIles and hayes(1997) suggested that unlike other teams, international project teams require greater team building processes as a result of the cultural diversity present. These difference in culture can lead to the success or failure of the project if not well(p) managed. Dreachshin et al(2000) proposed that two major aspects of the team process that is affected by cultural diversity are communication and conflict management.CommunicationMaznevski(1994) report that effective communication is the key to ensuring that a culturally diverse team is well integrated. Iles and Hayers(1997) also suggested that for cohesion to occur in an international project team, the individuals who make up the team must develop strategies to communicate across their differences. Heimer and Vince(1998) also concor d with this notion by proposing that multi-cultural teams that ensure that non-native speakers of the teams verbiage can contribute are more effective on the long term even though ab initio they may work s trim back.At the preparation stage of the different presentations, we where able to address the challenges of communication by developing a communication strategy with the region of all team members. The strategy addressed the questions of When, What, and How do we communicate?. The basis of the strategy involved the use of multiple modes of communication in order to ensure understanding from non-native speakers of English. In order to do this, we deployed the use of information technology e.g. regular emails that provide a summary of the minutes of the meetings, and also utilized language translation websites like Google Translate for language translations. We also ensured that during meetings, we generate feedback from non-native English speakers in order to confirm that the points discussed have been understood.Conflicts Bercovitch(1983) proposed that conflicts in multicultural teams tends to occur when 2 or more parties have personal objectives that are not compatible with each other hence leading to them behaving differently. This view alluded to that proposed by Thomas(1976) which suggests that conflicts are natural in every team process. Thomas(1976) also proposed that conflicts indoors teams are inherently bad and should be avoided at all costs. Jehn(1994) disagreed with Thomas(1976) negative perception of conflicts and proposed that conflicts that occur as a result of cultural differences in the way a task should be managed actually do lead to an improvement in team performance. The main reason why conflicts tend to occur in international project teams has been proposedto be as a result of mistrust and miscommunication among the team members(Trandis et al, 1965)In Group 4, the process of decision making was a participatory style in which every project team member is given equal time slots during meetings to make his/her proposal to the project plan. This style helped to address conflict that may arise from depending on a single or few dominant team members. The disfavour of having the participatory style is because it gave rise to another conflict in choosing the particular members opinion that should be adopted by the Group. The way this was managed is by adopting a cooperative conflict management style as proposed by Thomas(1976). The aim of using this technique is to be able to merge aspects of all the different opinions and perspectives of the different team members into a single project plan.STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF GROUP 4 The key strength of the Group 4 team rests on the cultural diversity of its members. This diversity led to a large amount of different ideas been generated on how different tasks should be managed, the varied nature of the ideas occurred as a result of the unique cultural experiences of the i ndividual members of the team and it provided a rich pool of information to source from. Another key strength of the team is the collective leadership style adopted which ensured participation of all team members and removed the destructive tendency of having a single leader dominating other members of the team. Finally, a third strong point was our adoption of the multimedia system approach to delivering presentations as compared to the traditional slideshows. Our main objective for using this strategy was to promote understanding of the message and also to entertain the audience. The key flunk or bad points of Group 4 was exhibited during the last two projects whereby team members showed signs of complacency as a result of previous successes recorded. The efforts put into research was lower than the initial couple of presentations but rather, a lot of subjectiveness was used in developing the final projects. The reasons proposed for this included ongoing assignments from other modules, as well as family and job constraints.NEXT TIME In the event of my participation as a team member of a multicultural team, I would suggest that rather than sending emails of the proposed project plan back and forth among team members, we should have an Online repository/Store in which team members can log in independently and have access to/modify the project plan. In adopting this system, what we are trying to achieve is to have a rudimentary project plan which is endlessly been updated by team members irrespective of their current location or language differencesLESSONS LEARNEDTuckman(1965) proposed that groups typically go through a series of changes in emergence which he termed Form, Storm, Norm, Perform. My participation in this international project team enabled me to actually visualize and appreciate this stages taking place.The Hofstede(1980) study highlighted that cultural differences among project team members is a major factor which if not managed properly can lead to the success or failure of international projects. He proposed that conflicts that arise among international teams should be investigated from within the cultural context. The lesson learned in this case is that we are all culturally different and this differences leads to different perceptions about the way issues are managed.The effective use of multimedia during project proposal presentations help to promote understanding. This is achieved because it appeals not only to the brain of the audience but also to the emotions. Hence, an ideal project presentation will be one that effectively challenges the audiences to see, feel, hear, smell, and touch what the presenter is talking about. This is a strategy I intend to adopt in future presentations.