Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions Essay

AimThe transmit of this experiment is to show that a answer doesnt have always century% yield by reacting NaHCO3 and HCl and determining the tote up of the products to calculate actual yield.IntroductionA chemical reaction will be quantitative if one of the reactants is completely consumed. In this experiment sodium bicarbonate and hydrochloric irate start a reaction. The formula of this reaction is below.NaHCO3 + HCl > NaCl + weewee + carbonic acid gasObservationsIn this experiment, sodium bicarbonate is put in an evaporating strike and some amount of HCl is added in the knockout and the reaction started. Bubbles are formed and CO2 gas is produced and the reaction started to make sound. in that respect was also pissing vapor formed. discolor NaHCO3 started to turn into a colorless crystalline after adding HCl. As the reaction takes place body of water is started to form. NaCl was dissolved in water, so salty water is heated to observe NaCl. As the liquid is heated i t dark into a yellowish color for a few seconds. Then it started bubbling and water vapor is formed.Raw Data political campaign down of Dish+NaHCO3+Lid+- 0.1 (g) freshet of NaCl+Water+Dish+Lid+- 0.1 (g)Mass of NaCl+Dish+Lid+- 0.1 (g)164.14 g.72.16 g.63.28 g.265.14 g.72.95 g.63.91g.Mass of Evaporating Dish + Lid 62.14 +-0.1 gProcessed DataTrial 164.14 62.14 = 2 g NaHCO372.16 62.14 = 10.02 g NaCl + water63.28 62.14 = 1.14 g NaClTrial 265.14 62.14 = 3 g NaHCO372.95 62.14 = 10.81 g NaCl + H2O63.91 62.14 = 2.07 g NaClTrial Mass of NaHCO3 (g)Mass of NaCl + H2O (g)Mass of NaCl (g)12 g10.02 g1.14 g23 g10.81 g1.77gCalculationsNa 14.01 g/ jetty, H 1.01 g/mol, Cl 35.45 g/mol, O 16 g/mol, C 12.01 g/molNaCl= 49.46 g/molH2O= 18.02 g/molNaHCO3 75.03 g/molMole number of NaHCO3 = wall number of NaClTrial 12 / 73.03 = 0.0274 mol NaHCO31.14 / 49.46 = 0.0230 mol NaClTheoretical carry 0.0274 mol NaClPercent turn in 0.0230 / 0.0274 = 0.8394 x degree Celsius = 83.94%Trial 23 / 73.03 = 0.0411 mol NaHCO31.77 / 49.46 = 0.0358 mol NaClTheoretical Yield 0.0411 mol NaClPercent Yield 0.0358 / 0.0411 = 0.8710 x 100 = 87.10%ConclusionThe results are 83.94% for trial 1 and 87.10% for trial 2. Trial 2 is more accurate. The accepted value is 100%. The percentage errors are 16.06% for trial 1 and 12.90% for trial 2. The uncertainties are too teeny to calculate on the results. Random errors presented in this experiment. All the errors were make by humans beings. There werent any errors receivable to a flaw of a railroad car or the procedure.EvaluationWhen salty water is heated on the early trial, the kernel started to spill around, because the substance is heated with laid-back amount of heat and faster than it should be. As a result, some of the NaCl which stuck on the hat and spilled around was lost, so the result of the first experiment is not accurate. Other reasons that changed the results whitethorn be all NaHCO3 whitethorn not be dissolved. Too much HCl whitethorn be added on the dish. There may be still water molecules left(p) on the salt after heating. To contain more accurate results, the experiment should be done more slowly than this experiment. particularly the heating process should be done slowly, so the evaporation can be observed more carefully.